"By the decree of the angels and by the command of the holy men, we excommunicate, expel, curse, and damn Baruch [Benedito] de Espinoza, with the consent of God, Blessed be He... Cursed be he by day and cursed be he by night; cursed be he when he lies down and cursed be he when he rises up. Cursed be he when he goes out and cursed be he when he comes in. The Lord will not spare him...."
That's what I call a rough day at the synagogue. The
cherem, or excommunication, happened on July 27, 1656, at Talmud Torah congregation in Amsterdam.
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